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Steroid biosynthesis

State Icon Reaction EC-Number Confidence maximal confidence score from EnzymeDetector
25-hydroxyvitamin_D3 + reduced_adrenodoxin + O2 + H+ <=> 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin_D3 + oxidized_ferredoxin + H2O 1.14.15.18 calcidiol 1-monooxygenase

3beta-hydroxyergosta-7,24(241)-dien-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD+ <=> Episterone + NADH + CO2 1.1.1.418 plant 3beta-hydroxysteroid-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

cholesteryl_ester + H2O <=> cholesterol + fatty_acid 3.1.1.13 sterol esterase

squalene + diphosphate + NADP+ <=> presqualene_diphosphate + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.96 Botryococcus squalene synthase
1.3.1.97 botryococcene synthase
2.5.1.21 squalene synthase



lanosterol + reduced_flavodoxin + O2 <=> 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol + formate + flavin + H2O 1.14.14.154 sterol 14alpha-demethylase

ergosta-5-enol + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> brassicasterol + NADP+ + H2O 1.14.19.41 sterol 22-desaturase

5alpha-Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol <=> 5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol 5.3.3.5 cholestenol Delta-isomerase

24,25-dihydrolanosterol + NADP+ <=> lanosterol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase

cycloeucalenol <=> obtusifoliol 5.5.1.9 cycloeucalenol cycloisomerase

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + Cycloartenol <=> H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 24(28)-methylene_cycloartanol 2.1.1.142 cycloartenol 24-C-methyltransferase
2.1.1.41 sterol 24-C-methyltransferase


Cholesta-5,7,24-trienol + reduced_acceptor <=> 5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + acceptor not assigned

25-hydroxyvitamin_D3 + reduced_ferredoxin_[iron-sulfur]_cluster + O2 + H+ <=> 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin_D3 + oxidized_ferredoxin + H2O 1.14.15.22 vitamin D 1,25-hydroxylase

vitamin_D3 + O2 + reduced_flavodoxin <=> 25-hydroxyvitamin_D3 + flavin + H2O 1.14.14.24 vitamin D 25-hydroxylase

4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+ <=> 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.70 Delta14-sterol reductase

episterol + O2 + ferricytochrome_b5 + H+ <=> 5-dehydroepisterol + H2O + ferricytochrome_b5 1.14.19.20 Delta7-sterol 5(6)-desaturase

24-methylene_cholesterol + NADPH + H+ <=> ergosta-5-enol + NADP+ 1.3.1

4alpha-carboxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+ <=> 3-dehydro-4-methylzymosterol + NADPH + CO2 1.1.1.170 3beta-hydroxysteroid-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + Zymosterol <=> H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + fecosterol 2.1.1.142 cycloartenol 24-C-methyltransferase
2.1.1.143 24-methylenesterol C-methyltransferase
2.1.1.41 sterol 24-C-methyltransferase



24(28)-methylene_cycloartanol + ferricytochrome_b5 + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-carboxy-4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.18.10 plant 4,4-dimethylsterol C-4alpha-methyl-monooxygenase

acyl-CoA + cholesterol <=> CoA + cholesteryl_ester 2.3.1.26 sterol O-acyltransferase

squalene + reduced_flavodoxin + O2 <=> (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene + flavin + H2O 1.14.14.17 squalene monooxygenase

5alpha-Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + ferricytochrome_b5 + O2 + H+ <=> 7-dehydrocholesterol + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.19.20 Delta7-sterol 5(6)-desaturase

campesterol + NADP+ <=> 24-methylene_cholesterol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1
1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase
1.3.1.M20



sitosterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> stigmasterol + NADP+ + H2O 1.14.19.41 sterol 22-desaturase

25-hydroxyvitamin_D3 + reduced_adrenodoxin + H+ + O2 <=> secalciferol + oxidized_ferredoxin + H2O 1.14.15.16 vitamin D3 24-hydroxylase

ergosterol + light <=> vitamin_D2 not assigned

4alpha-methylzymosterol + NADP+ <=> H+ + 3-dehydro-4-methylzymosterol + NADPH 1.1.1.270 3beta-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase

squalene + 2 ferricytochrome_b5 + O2 + 2 H+ <=> (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene + 2 ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.19

episterol + O2 + ferricytochrome_b5 + H+ <=> 5-dehydroepisterol + H2O + ferricytochrome_b5 1.14.19.20 Delta7-sterol 5(6)-desaturase

(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene <=> Cycloartenol 5.4.99.8 cycloartenol synthase

5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol <=> Zymosterol 5.3.3.5 cholestenol Delta-isomerase

4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol + NADP+ <=> 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase

(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene <=> lanosterol 5.4.99.17 squalene---hopene cyclase
5.4.99.7 lanosterol synthase


24-ethylidenelophenol + ferricytochrome_b5 + O2 + H+ <=> 4alpha-carboxy-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.18.11 plant 4alpha-monomethylsterol monooxygenase

cycloeucalenol + NADP+ <=> cycloeucalenone + NADPH + H+ 1.1.1.270 3beta-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase

Cholesta-5,7,24-trienol + NADPH + H+ <=> 7-dehydrocholesterol + NADP+ 1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase

avenasterol + NADP+ <=> avenastenone + NADPH + H+ 1.1.1.270 3beta-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase

5-dehydroepisterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol + NADP+ + 2 H2O 1.14.19.41 sterol 22-desaturase

avenasterol + ferricytochrome_b5 + O2 + H+ <=> DELTA5,7-avenasterol + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.19.20 Delta7-sterol 5(6)-desaturase

sitosterol + NADP+ <=> isofucosterol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1
1.3.1.70 Delta14-sterol reductase
1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase
1.3.1.M20




Zymosterol + NADPH <=> 5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol + NADP+ 1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase

desmosterol + acceptor <=> Cholesta-5,7,24-trienol + reduced_acceptor not assigned

diacylglycerol + cholesterol <=> monoacylglycerol + cholesteryl_ester 2.3.1.73 diacylglycerol---sterol O-acyltransferase

DELTA5,7-avenasterol <=> isofucosterol 1.3.1.21 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase

4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + ferricytochrome_b5 + H+ <=> 4alpha-carboxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.18.9 4alpha-methylsterol monooxygenase

lanosterol + O2 + reduced_ferredoxin_[iron-sulfur]_cluster + H+ <=> 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol + formate + oxidized_ferredoxin + H2O 1.14.15.36 sterol 14alpha-demethylase (ferredoxin)

4alpha-carboxy-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD+ <=> avenastenone + NADH + CO2 1.1.1.418 plant 3beta-hydroxysteroid-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

(2E,6E)-farnesyl_diphosphate <=> presqualene_diphosphate + diphosphate 2.5.1.103 presqualene diphosphate synthase
2.5.1.21 squalene synthase
2.5.1.96 4,4'-diapophytoene synthase



4alpha-methyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+ <=> 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.70 Delta14-sterol reductase

cholesterol + NADP+ <=> 7-dehydrocholesterol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.21 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase

fecosterol <=> episterol not assigned

4alpha-carboxy-4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(241)-en-3beta-ol + NAD+ <=> cycloeucalenone + NADH + CO2 1.1.1.418 plant 3beta-hydroxysteroid-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

24(28)-methylene_lophenol + O2 + ferricytochrome_b5 + H+ <=> 3beta-hydroxyergosta-7,24(241)-dien-4alpha-carboxylate + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.18.11 plant 4alpha-monomethylsterol monooxygenase

Zymosterol + NADP+ <=> H+ + zymosterone + NADPH 1.1.1.270 3beta-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase
1.1.1.51 3(or 17)beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
1.1.1.62 17beta-estradiol 17-dehydrogenase



obtusifoliol + reduced_flavodoxin + O2 <=> 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trien-3beta-ol + formate + flavin + H2O 1.14.14.154 sterol 14alpha-demethylase

1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin_D3 + reduced_adrenodoxin + O2 + H+ <=> 1alpha,24R,25-trihydroxyvitamin_D3 + oxidized_ferredoxin + H2O 1.14.15.16 vitamin D3 24-hydroxylase

4alpha-methylzymosterol + O2 + ferricytochrome_b5 + H+ <=> 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + ferricytochrome_b5 + H2O 1.14.18.9 4alpha-methylsterol monooxygenase

ergosterol + NADP+ <=> ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.71 Delta24(241)-sterol reductase
1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase


vitamin_D3 + reduced_ferredoxin_[iron-sulfur]_cluster + O2 + H+ <=> 25-hydroxyvitamin_D3 + oxidized_ferredoxin + H2O 1.14.15.22 vitamin D 1,25-hydroxylase

4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADP+ <=> zymosterone + NADPH + CO2 1.1.1.170 3beta-hydroxysteroid-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)

5-dehydroepisterol <=> 24-methylene_cholesterol 1.3.1.21 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase

Episterone + NADPH + H+ <=> episterol + NADP+ 1.1.1
1.1.1.270 3beta-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase


S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 24(28)-methylene_lophenol <=> H+ + 24-ethylidenelophenol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine 2.1.1.142 cycloartenol 24-C-methyltransferase
2.1.1.143 24-methylenesterol C-methyltransferase
2.1.1.41 sterol 24-C-methyltransferase



5alpha-Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NADP+ <=> 5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase

cholesterol + NAD+ <=> 7-dehydrocholesterol + NADH + H+ 1.3.1.21 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase

7-dehydrocholesterol + light <=> vitamin_D3 not assigned

cholesterol + NADP+ <=> desmosterol + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1.72 Delta24-sterol reductase

24(28)-methylene_lophenol <=> 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol 5.3.3.5 cholestenol Delta-isomerase

Visualization of the pathway